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Lyon RE, Walters RN, Crowley S, Quintiere JG

Leventhal et al., 2015, 2016

The absence of combustion in THS has been substantiated by scientific evidence and has been verified by third-party scientific experts in numerous countries as well as by independent research organizations

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Participant assessments and interview Rating scales were administered during the intake visit for basic background and symptom information, including the Smokers Profile Form [40] (demographic, race/ethnicity, educational level, medications, smoking history, and other information), Fagerstrm Test for Nicotine Dependence [46, 47] (FTND